What is the difference between the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary?

The three organs each have a separate job. The Legislature makes the laws. At the centre this is Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha); in states it is the State Legislature. The Executive implements and runs the country according to those laws. It includes the President, Prime Minister, the Council of Ministers and the civil services who carry out day-to-day administration. The Judiciary interprets the laws and settles disputes, headed by the Supreme Court, then High Courts and lower courts. It also protects the Constitution and citizens' rights. This separation of powers prevents any one organ from becoming too powerful, and a system of checks and balances lets each keep the others accountable. A simple memory aid: Legislature legislates, Executive executes, Judiciary judges.