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ChemistryNEET

Why is fluorine more reactive than chlorine despite lower electron affinity?

For NEET I read that chlorine has a higher electron affinity than fluorine, yet fluorine is the most reactive non-metal. This seems contradictory to me.

Asked by Rohan Verma 40 45d ago
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It does seem contradictory, but reactivity depends on more than electron affinity. Fluorine is small, so when an extra electron approaches its compact 2p subshell, there is strong electron-electron repulsion in the tiny shell. This repulsion makes fluorine's electron affinity slightly lower than chlorine's. However, reactivity is governed by the overall ease of reaction. Fluorine has a very low bond dissociation energy for F-F (the bond is weak because the small atoms' lone pairs repel), so the F2 molecule splits apart easily. It also forms very strong bonds with other elements, releasing a lot of energy. Combined with its high electronegativity and small size, these factors make fluorine the most reactive non-metal even though its electron affinity is a touch lower than chlorine's. NEET often tests this exact anomaly.

M
Meera Joshi
335 pts· 45d ago

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